Injection molding machines are also known as injection molding machines or injection machines. Many factories are called beer machines, and injection products are called beer parts. It is the main molding equipment for making thermoplastic or thermosetting materials into various shapes of plastic products using plastic molding molds. According to the arrangement of the injection device and the clamping device, the injection molding machine can be divided into vertical, horizontal and vertical-horizontal composite.

Plastic machine is usually composed of injection system, clamping system, hydraulic transmission system, electrical control system, lubrication system, heating and cooling system, safety monitoring system, etc.

Injection system

Composition of the injection system: The injection system consists of a plasticizing device and a power transmission device. The function of the injection system: The injection system is one of the most important components of the injection molding machine. Generally, there are three main forms: plunger type, screw type, and screw preplasticized plunger injection type. The most widely used is the screw type. Its function is that in a cycle of the plastic injection machine, a certain amount of plastic can be heated and plasticized within a specified time, and the molten plastic can be injected into the mold cavity through a screw under a certain pressure and speed. After the injection, the molten material injected into the mold cavity is kept in shape.

Clamping system

The mold clamping system is mainly composed of mold clamping device, machine twisting, mold adjustment mechanism, ejection mechanism, front and rear fixed template, movable template, mold clamping cylinder and safety protection mechanism. The role of the clamping system: the role of the clamping system is to ensure that the mold is closed, opened and ejected. At the same time, after the mold is closed, sufficient clamping force is supplied to the mold to resist the cavity pressure generated by the molten plastic entering the mold cavity, and prevent the mold from opening seams, resulting in a bad status of the product.

Hydraulic system

The function of the hydraulic transmission system is to realize the injection molding machine to provide power according to the various actions required by the process, and to meet the pressure, speed, temperature and other requirements of the various parts of the injection molding machine. It is mainly composed of various hydraulic components and hydraulic auxiliary components, among which oil pump and motor are the power source of the injection molding machine. Various valves control the oil pressure and flow rate to meet the requirements of the injection molding process.

Electrical control

The electrical control system and hydraulic system are reasonably coordinated to realize the process requirements (pressure, temperature, speed, time) and various program actions of the injection machine. It is mainly composed of electrical appliances, electronic components, meters (see the figure below right), heaters, sensors, etc. There are generally four control modes, manual, semi-automatic, fully automatic, and adjustment.

Heating/cooling

The heating system is used to heat the barrel and the injection nozzle. The barrel of the injection molding machine generally uses an electric heating ring as a heating device, which is installed on the outside of the barrel and is detected in sections with a thermocouple. The heat conducts heat conduction through the wall of the cylinder to provide a heat source for the plasticization of the material; the cooling system is mainly used to cool the oil temperature, too high oil temperature will cause a variety of faults, so the oil temperature must be controlled. The other location that needs to be cooled is near the feeding port of the feed pipe to prevent the raw material from melting at the feeding port, causing the raw material to fail to be fed normally.

Lubrication system

The lubrication system is a circuit that provides lubrication conditions for the relative moving parts of the injection molding machine's movable template, mold adjustment device, connecting rod machine hinge, injection platform, etc., in order to reduce energy consumption and increase the life of parts. Lubrication can be regular manual lubrication. It can also be automatic electric lubrication.

Safety monitoring

The safety device of the injection molding machine is mainly used to protect the safety of people and machines. It is mainly composed of safety door, safety baffle, hydraulic valve, limit switch, photoelectric detection element, etc., to realize electrical-mechanical-hydraulic interlock protection.

The monitoring system mainly monitors the oil temperature, material temperature, system overload, and process and equipment failures of the injection molding machine, and indicates or alarms when abnormal conditions are found.